{"id":901,"date":"2026-04-04T08:18:14","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T08:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/?p=901"},"modified":"2026-04-04T08:18:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T08:18:14","slug":"mat-na-po-thi-po-thi-masks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/2026\/04\/04\/mat-na-po-thi-po-thi-masks\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1eb6T N\u1ea0 P\u01a0 THI\/P\u01a0 THI MASKS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trong l\u1ec5 b\u1ecf m\u1ea3 (p\u01a1 thi<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba Na v\u00e0 Gia Rai <\/a>\u2013 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chia tay cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u2013 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00f3a trang gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u1eeba linh thi\u00eang v\u1eeba s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ec5 b\u1ecf m\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u1ed3, l\u1ec5 b\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 ti\u1ec5n bi\u1ec7t linh h\u1ed3n. Trong \u0111\u00eam l\u1ec5 ch\u00ednh, khi ti\u1ebfng chi\u00eang vang l\u00ean, r\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u1ea7n lan t\u1ecfa v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ee5 h\u1ed9i quanh khu nh\u00e0 m\u1ed3, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt h\u00f3a trang \u2013 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 p\u01a1tual<\/em> hay m\u00eau br\u00eam<\/em> (ch\u00fa h\u1ec1) \u2013 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, mang theo nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 th\u00e1p v\u00e0o<\/em> \u2013 lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i \u0111eo l\u00ean m\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb g\u1ed7, \u0111\u00f4i khi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7 r\u1eebng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e9t, kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4 m\u00e0u v\u1edbi ba gam ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o: tr\u1eafng (m\u00e0u g\u1ed7), \u0111en (m\u1eaft, t\u00f3c), \u0111\u1ecf (mi\u1ec7ng). H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00e9o m\u00f3; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00fa nh\u01b0 tr\u00e2u, kh\u1ec9; ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb mang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ng\u1eabu h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t v\u1eeba h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u201c\u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3\u201d. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111eo m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u01b0\u1eddi hay khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nh\u1eefng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a at\u00e2u (linh h\u1ed3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft)\u201d tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u1ecd v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, v\u1eeba mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00e2m linh s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 kh\u00e1c \u2013 m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 trang tr\u00ed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/em> \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea5t, than\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong s\u01b0u t\u1eadp tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, l\u1ec5 b\u1ecf m\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n di\u1ec5n ra d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

—————————————————<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the funerary ritual (p\u01a1 thi) of the Ba Na and Gia Rai\u2014marking the final farewell between the living and the deceased\u2014masks play a vital role in shaping a ceremonial space that is both sacred and vibrant.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This ritual, held after burial, includes stages such as building the tomb house, the main ceremony, and the final release of the soul. During the central night of the ritual, accompanied by gongs, rice wine, and communal gathering, masked performers known as p\u01a1tual or m\u00eau br\u00eam (ritual clowns) appear.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The collection displayed in the museum belongs to the detachable mask group<\/strong>\u2014individually crafted masks worn over the face. These are typically made from wood or forest roots, carved and sometimes painted in three primary colors: white (natural wood), black (eyes, hair), and red (mouth). Their forms vary widely, from exaggerated human faces to animals such as buffalo or monkeys, or even hybrid mythical figures.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A key feature of these masks is their creativity and spontaneity. Artisans often follow the natural shape of materials, producing expressions that are humorous, grotesque, or even unsettling. This blend of emotions enhances the dynamic atmosphere of the ritual.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mask wearers are not merely entertainers; they symbolically represent beings from the spirit world (at\u00e2u) coming to guide the deceased. Thus, they embody both performative and spiritual functions.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another type of mask\u2014direct facial transformation<\/strong>\u2014involves altering the performer\u2019s face using mud, charcoal, and props. However, this type is not included in the museum collection.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Today, although the full-scale ritual is less commonly practiced, these masks remain powerful symbols of imagination, folk artistry, and the unique worldview of the Central Highlands communities.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong l\u1ec5 b\u1ecf m\u1ea3 (p\u01a1 thi) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba Na v\u00e0 Gia Rai \u2013 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 chia tay cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u2013 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 h\u00f3a trang gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u1eeba linh thi\u00eang […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bao-tang-cac-dan-toc-hoang-viet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=901"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":903,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/901\/revisions\/903"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/khonggianvanhoa.hoangviet.edu.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}